Nova Clinic Guide
Types of Dark Circles and Their Causes: How to Tell Them Apart
Not all dark circles are the same. Identifying the type is the first step toward choosing the right treatment.
Saying "I have dark circles" can describe very different things. And the type of dark circle completely determines the best strategy.
Volume-loss dark circles (structural)
When the nasojugal groove becomes more pronounced or the periocular fat pad reduces, a shadow forms that reads as a dark circle. There's no pigment involved — it's a depth and volume issue. Hyaluronic acid filler can be very effective in these cases.
Vascular dark circles
Visible microvasculature in the periocular area creates a bluish or reddish tone. More common in people with thinner skin. These are not treated with filler but with approaches that improve skin quality and reduce vascular visibility.
Pigmented dark circles
Excess melanin in the periocular skin. Can be genetic or acquired. Requires treatment targeting the pigmentation: peels, brightening actives, strict sun protection.
Mixed dark circles
Many patients have two or three types at the same time. In those cases, the plan combines multiple approaches. A single treatment rarely resolves everything.
How they're differentiated in the consultation
Through clinical evaluation with good lighting and sometimes a dermatoscope. A simple stretch test helps distinguish whether the shadow comes from pigment or from depth. You can read more on our under-eye filler and dark circles pages.